系统资源监控:Ubuntu htop命令比top更好用?

Ubuntu系统中,top和htop是常用的系统资源监控工具。top是经典工具,界面黑白、信息紧凑,需记快捷键(如P/M排序),无鼠标操作,内存单位默认Kb不直观,适合熟悉命令的用户。htop是top的增强版,Ubuntu需先安装(`sudo apt install htop`),彩色显示、分栏布局、支持鼠标操作,内存单位直观,还能显示进程树,新手更易上手。 对比可见,htop更适合初学者:彩色视觉清晰,鼠标点击表头即可排序,F5看进程树、F6选排序方式等操作简单。top适合对Linux命令熟悉、需更复杂监控的场景。综上,新手优先用htop,它让系统监控更直观高效。

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终端必备:Ubuntu top命令监控系统资源

Ubuntu系统中,`top`命令是终端监控系统资源的实用工具,可动态展示CPU、内存、进程等状态。启动需打开终端(Ctrl+Alt+T),输入`top`(普通用户即可,`sudo`可获更多系统信息)。 界面核心区域包括:系统整体信息(运行时间、用户数、负载)、进程汇总(总进程、运行/睡眠/僵尸数)、CPU状态(`us`用户态、`id`空闲、`wa` IO等待)、内存(总/已用/空闲/缓存)、Swap及进程列表(PID、`%CPU`/`%MEM`等)。 常用快捷键:`P`(CPU排序)、`M`(内存排序)、`1`(多核CPU显示)、`k`(终止进程)、`q`(退出)。实用场景:`P`+`k`排查CPU高占用进程,`M`监控内存泄漏(`RES`持续升高),通过`load average`解决负载过高(`wa`高排查IO瓶颈,`us`高优化程序)。掌握核心快捷键即可高效管理系统,是日常监控利器。

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Linux System Monitoring: Basic Tools and Performance Metrics

Linux system monitoring is fundamental for ensuring server stability and requires mastery of tools and metrics. Common tools include: process monitoring (`ps` for basic viewing, `top` for real-time dynamics, `htop` for tree-like structure/mouse operations); memory (`free -h` to check memory/cache, focusing on `available` and Swap); disk (`df -h` for partition inspection, `du -sh` for directory location, `iostat -x 1` for IO monitoring with `%util > 80%` indicating bottlenecks); and network (`ss -tuln` for port checking, `ss -s` for connection status). Key metrics: CPU load (should not exceed core count within 1 minute) and `wa` (high values indicate disk bottlenecks); memory should alert on Swap usage; disk monitoring requires cleaning when partition usage exceeds 85%. For system lag diagnosis: first use `top` to check load/CPU, then `free` for memory, `df` for disk confirmation, and `ss` to排查异常 connections. Through the "observe-analyze-optimize" cycle with tools and metrics, regular practice enables rapid problem localization and system stability maintenance.

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